WHAT IS ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION?
ED is the inability to get a hard penis on sexual
arousal or inability to maintain the hardness till completion of sexual
intercourse .
Erectile
dysfunction (ED) is a common multifactorial Dysfunction affecting 40% of men
over age of 40 years and 70% above 70 years. With increasing incidences of life
style diseases like Hypertension, Diabetes, Cardiac Problem, Obesity, Sedentary
life style and drug abuse, incidences of ED are increasing day by day.
It
is traditionally divided in two types: Psychological and Physical.
Most of cases have a mixed bag of causes .
Not
discussing your problem with right person or taking advice from a quack can be
disastrous.
Causes of Erectile Dysfunction;-
Most common cause is Reduced Blood Flow to penis at the
time of arousal. It is just like your heart beat: when you do the exercise,
more blood flow is required by heart. Similarly, erection needs 10-15 times more
blood flow into penis. If it is impaired due to any reason, you are likely to
have ED
- Stress
- Anxiety
- Depression
- Obesity
- Smoking
& Tobacco chewing
- Lack of
exercise
- Alcohol
abuse
- Diabetes
- Heart
diseases
- High
blood pressure
- Neurological
diseases
- Vascular
diseases
- High
cholesterol
- Relationship
problems
- Medicines
used to treat many physical problems
As ED is a multifactorial disorder, it is important to find out the possible factors contributing to ED in every case.
Investigations:-
- For Assessment of Blood Flow : - Combined intracavernosal
injection of Vasoactive substance and Stimulation test, Rigidometry,
Penile Perfusion Index and Penile Doppler are helpful.
- For Psychological Factors: - Careful history taking,
Questionnaires for different problems are recommended.
- For Neurological Factors: - SSEP in Dorsal Nerve of penis
is suggested.
- For Hormonal Factors:- Blood test is done to
determine sex hormone level.
- Other Blood Biochemistry:- Like Liver Function Test,
Kidney Function Test, Blood Sugar Test are very important.
- NPT:- Sometimes we need to find out presence or
absence of erection, Its duration; or differentiate psychological type
from physical ED. This test is very helpful to differentiate the two
conditions. This test is done overnight when an instrument is strapped on
your thigh with sensors attached to penis. It records all overnight penile
activity; the data once obtained are transferred to a computer and
analyzed.
TREATMENTOF ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION
Counseling:-
In many cases, counseling alone may be quite
helpful especially in case where ED is present with one partner but absent with
another. It is called Situational ED. Ideally, it should be couple sex
counseling. If you are patient enough to wait, it can be quite rewarding.
Medicines:-
There are many medicines available to
improve blood flow into penis; the testosterone supplement is also recommended
in appropriate cases
Intrapenile
Injection:-
Vasoactive substance is injected by a very
thin needle ,to be followed by penile stimulation. You can get it injected from
the doctor or take in prefilled syringes to be injected by you or your partner
before initiating sex
Caution:- After taking injection, if
hardness persists even after 4 hours despite stoppage of sexual stimulation, it
can be dangerous and result in Priapism . You should apply ice packs on penis
or climb up and down two or three flight of stairs a couple of times. A few
pushups may be helpful as well. If the hardness doesn’t subside, rush to an
appropriate doctor..
Vacuum
Erection Device (VED):-
In this method, a plastic cylinder is fitted
over the penis; and controlled negative pressure created. This pressure helps
in retention of blood in the penis. Thereby erections is achieved. A ring is
fixed at the base of penis to maintain it for a maximum of 30 minutes. You
should remove the ring before 30 minutes, otherwise ischemic changes may damage
your penis.
Penile
Prosthesis:-
If medicines are contraindicated, or have
intolerable side effects, or do not work; If intrapenile inj. are not accepted,
or had resulted in priapism- in such cases penile prosthesis is
recommended. This is a very effective, safe , permanent and irreversible mode
of treatment. It stays for 12-15 years. You need to stay in hospital for 4-7
days and get training about how to operate the device. You may find a minor
change in the size but overall satisfactions level, as reported by the couples,
is very good after surgery.
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